/* ==========================================================================
   A Minute of Science
   Design direction: "instrument panel". A cool mineral ground, ink-black
   editorial type, no brand colour of its own — every hue on the page comes
   from the field a story belongs to. The signature is the minute dial.
   ========================================================================== */

:root {
  /* Ground and ink */
  --panel:        #EEF1F5;
  --panel-deep:   #E3E8EF;
  --surface:      #FFFFFF;
  --surface-2:    #F7F9FB;
  --ink:          #0B1220;
  --ink-2:        #33405A;
  --muted:        #6A7690;
  --line:         #D5DCE6;
  --line-soft:    #E5EAF1;

  /* The one saturated colour the brand owns: the second hand, the live dot */
  --signal:       #E8462F;

  /* Fallback used before a topic colour is applied */
  --topic:        #33405A;

  /* Type */
  --display: 'Archivo', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif;
  --body:    'Newsreader', Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;
  --mono:    'IBM Plex Mono', ui-monospace, 'SF Mono', Menlo, monospace;

  /* Rhythm */
  --wrap:   1220px;
  --gap:    clamp(1.1rem, 2.4vw, 2rem);
  --radius: 14px;
  --radius-sm: 9px;

  --shadow-s: 0 1px 2px rgba(11,18,32,.05), 0 2px 8px rgba(11,18,32,.05);
  --shadow-m: 0 2px 6px rgba(11,18,32,.06), 0 14px 34px rgba(11,18,32,.09);

  --ease: cubic-bezier(.2,.7,.3,1);
}

[data-theme="dark"] {
  --panel:      #0B1220;
  --panel-deep: #070C16;
  --surface:    #121A2B;
  --surface-2:  #182338;
  --ink:        #EEF2F8;
  --ink-2:      #C0CADC;
  --muted:      #8E9BB4;
  --line:       #26324A;
  --line-soft:  #1C2639;
  --topic:      #C0CADC;
  --shadow-s: 0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,.3);
  --shadow-m: 0 2px 6px rgba(0,0,0,.35), 0 16px 40px rgba(0,0,0,.4);
}

@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
  [data-theme="auto"] {
    --panel:      #0B1220;
    --panel-deep: #070C16;
    --surface:    #121A2B;
    --surface-2:  #182338;
    --ink:        #EEF2F8;
    --ink-2:      #C0CADC;
    --muted:      #8E9BB4;
    --line:       #26324A;
    --line-soft:  #1C2639;
    --topic:      #C0CADC;
    --shadow-s: 0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,.3);
    --shadow-m: 0 2px 6px rgba(0,0,0,.35), 0 16px 40px rgba(0,0,0,.4);
  }
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------- base --- */

*, *::before, *::after { box-sizing: border-box; }

html { -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%; scroll-behavior: smooth; }
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  html { scroll-behavior: auto; }
  *, *::before, *::after { animation-duration: .001ms !important; transition-duration: .001ms !important; }
}

body {
  margin: 0;
  background: var(--panel);
  color: var(--ink);
  font-family: var(--body);
  font-size: 17px;
  line-height: 1.62;
  font-optical-sizing: auto;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
}

img, svg, iframe { max-width: 100%; }
img { height: auto; display: block; }

a { color: inherit; }

h1, h2, h3, h4, h5 {
  font-family: var(--display);
  font-variation-settings: 'wdth' 112;
  font-weight: 700;
  line-height: 1.06;
  letter-spacing: -0.018em;
  margin: 0;
  text-wrap: balance;
}

.wrap { width: 100%; max-width: var(--wrap); margin-inline: auto; padding-inline: clamp(1rem, 4vw, 2.25rem); }

.sr-only {
  position: absolute; width: 1px; height: 1px; padding: 0; margin: -1px;
  overflow: hidden; clip: rect(0 0 0 0); white-space: nowrap; border: 0;
}

.skip {
  position: absolute; left: -9999px; top: 0; z-index: 200;
  background: var(--ink); color: var(--panel); padding: .8rem 1.2rem;
  font-family: var(--mono); font-size: .8rem; border-radius: 0 0 var(--radius-sm) 0;
}
.skip:focus { left: 0; }

:focus-visible {
  outline: 2.5px solid var(--signal);
  outline-offset: 3px;
  border-radius: 3px;
}

.hp { position: absolute; left: -9999px; width: 1px; height: 1px; opacity: 0; }

/* ------------------------------------------------------ the minute dial --- */

.dial {
  position: relative;
  display: inline-grid;
  place-items: center;
  width: var(--dial-size, 44px);
  height: var(--dial-size, 44px);
  flex: none;
  color: var(--ink-2);
}
.dial svg { width: 100%; height: 100%; display: block; }
.dial-arc { transition: stroke-dasharray .7s var(--ease); }
.dial-num {
  position: absolute;
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: calc(var(--dial-size, 44px) * 0.33);
  color: var(--ink);
  line-height: 1;
  letter-spacing: -.02em;
}

/* ------------------------------------------------------ readout strip --- */

.readout {
  background: var(--ink);
  color: #E9EDF4;
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: .68rem;
  letter-spacing: .1em;
}
[data-theme="dark"] .readout { background: var(--panel-deep); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line-soft); }
@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
  [data-theme="auto"] .readout { background: var(--panel-deep); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line-soft); }
}
.readout-inner { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 1.4rem; height: 30px; }
.readout-item { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: .5rem; white-space: nowrap; opacity: .78; }
.readout-spacer { flex: 1; }
.readout-clock { opacity: 1; font-weight: 500; font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; }

.live-dot {
  width: 6px; height: 6px; border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--signal);
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 0 rgba(232,70,47,.7);
  animation: pulse 2.6s infinite;
}
@keyframes pulse {
  0%   { box-shadow: 0 0 0 0 rgba(232,70,47,.6); }
  70%  { box-shadow: 0 0 0 7px rgba(232,70,47,0); }
  100% { box-shadow: 0 0 0 0 rgba(232,70,47,0); }
}

@media (max-width: 720px) { .readout-hide { display: none; } }

/* ---------------------------------------------------------- masthead --- */

.masthead {
  position: sticky; top: 0; z-index: 60;
  background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--panel) 88%, transparent);
  backdrop-filter: saturate(160%) blur(14px);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}
.masthead-inner {
  display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 1rem;
  min-height: 74px; padding-block: .6rem;
}

.brand { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: .72rem; text-decoration: none; flex: none; }
.brand-mark { width: 38px; height: 38px; color: var(--ink); flex: none; }
.brand-mark svg { width: 100%; height: 100%; }
.brand-hand { transform-origin: 20px 20px; transition: transform 1s var(--ease); }
.brand:hover .brand-hand { transform: rotate(300deg); }

.brand-words { display: flex; flex-direction: column; line-height: 1; }
.brand-words b {
  font-family: var(--display);
  font-variation-settings: 'wdth' 118;
  font-weight: 800;
  font-size: 1.14rem;
  letter-spacing: -.028em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
.brand-words b i {
  font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; opacity: .5;
  margin-inline: .22em; font-size: .82em; text-transform: lowercase;
}
.brand-words em {
  font-family: var(--mono); font-style: normal;
  font-size: .58rem; letter-spacing: .1em; text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--muted); margin-top: .34rem;
}
@media (max-width: 900px) { .brand-words em { display: none; } }

.nav { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 1.1rem; margin-left: auto; }
.nav-list { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: .15rem; list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; }
.nav-link {
  display: block;
  font-family: var(--display);
  font-variation-settings: 'wdth' 100;
  font-weight: 600; font-size: .795rem;
  letter-spacing: .005em;
  text-decoration: none;
  color: var(--ink-2);
  padding: .48rem .58rem;
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  position: relative;
  transition: color .18s var(--ease), background .18s var(--ease);
  white-space: nowrap;
}
.nav-link::after {
  content: ''; position: absolute; left: .58rem; right: .58rem; bottom: .24rem;
  height: 2px; border-radius: 2px; background: var(--topic);
  transform: scaleX(0); transform-origin: left; transition: transform .22s var(--ease);
}
.nav-link:hover { color: var(--ink); }
.nav-link:hover::after, .nav-link.is-active::after { transform: scaleX(1); }
.nav-link.is-active { color: var(--ink); }

.nav-actions { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: .5rem; }

.search-mini { position: relative; display: flex; align-items: center; }
.search-mini input {
  width: 148px;
  font-family: var(--mono); font-size: .74rem;
  padding: .52rem 2rem .52rem .78rem;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: var(--surface);
  color: var(--ink);
  border-radius: 100px;
  transition: width .28s var(--ease), border-color .18s var(--ease);
}
.search-mini input::placeholder { color: var(--muted); }
.search-mini input:focus { width: 200px; border-color: var(--ink-2); outline: none; }
.search-mini input:focus-visible { outline: 2.5px solid var(--signal); outline-offset: 2px; }
.search-mini button {
  position: absolute; right: .28rem;
  display: grid; place-items: center;
  width: 26px; height: 26px; padding: 0;
  background: none; border: 0; cursor: pointer; color: var(--muted);
}
.search-mini button svg { width: 15px; height: 15px; }

.icon-btn {
  display: grid; place-items: center;
  width: 38px; height: 38px; padding: 0;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: var(--surface);
  color: var(--ink);
  border-radius: 50%;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: border-color .18s var(--ease), transform .18s var(--ease);
}
.icon-btn:hover { border-color: var(--ink-2); transform: translateY(-1px); }
.icon-btn svg { width: 17px; height: 17px; }

.theme-btn .ico-moon { display: none; }
[data-theme="dark"] .theme-btn .ico-sun { display: none; }
[data-theme="dark"] .theme-btn .ico-moon { display: block; }
@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
  [data-theme="auto"] .theme-btn .ico-sun { display: none; }
  [data-theme="auto"] .theme-btn .ico-moon { display: block; }
}

.nav-toggle { display: none; margin-left: auto; }

@media (max-width: 1080px) {
  .nav-toggle { display: grid; }
  .nav {
    position: fixed; inset: 104px 0 auto 0;
    flex-direction: column; align-items: stretch; gap: 0;
    background: var(--surface);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-m);
    padding: 1rem clamp(1rem, 4vw, 2.25rem) 1.4rem;
    margin: 0;
    max-height: calc(100dvh - 104px);
    overflow-y: auto;
    transform: translateY(-8px);
    opacity: 0; visibility: hidden; pointer-events: none;
    transition: opacity .2s var(--ease), transform .2s var(--ease), visibility .2s;
  }
  .nav.is-open { opacity: 1; visibility: visible; transform: none; pointer-events: auto; }
  .nav-list { flex-direction: column; align-items: stretch; gap: 0; }
  .nav-link { font-size: 1.02rem; padding: .82rem .2rem; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line-soft); border-radius: 0; }
  .nav-link::after { left: .2rem; right: auto; width: 22px; bottom: .5rem; }
  .nav-actions { margin-top: 1rem; justify-content: space-between; }
  .search-mini { flex: 1; }
  .search-mini input, .search-mini input:focus { width: 100%; }
}

/* ------------------------------------------------------------- pills --- */

.pill {
  display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: .42rem;
  font-family: var(--mono); font-size: .655rem; font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: .11em; text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-2); text-decoration: none;
  transition: color .18s var(--ease);
}
a.pill:hover { color: var(--pill-color, var(--ink)); }
.pill-dot { width: 7px; height: 7px; border-radius: 2px; flex: none; }

/* --------------------------------------------------------- main frame --- */

.main { padding-block: clamp(1.6rem, 4vw, 2.8rem) clamp(3rem, 7vw, 5rem); }

.section { margin-top: clamp(2.6rem, 6vw, 4.4rem); }
.section:first-child { margin-top: 0; }

.section-head {
  display: flex; align-items: baseline; gap: 1rem;
  padding-bottom: .85rem; margin-bottom: 1.7rem;
  border-bottom: 1.5px solid var(--ink);
}
.section-head h2 {
  font-size: clamp(1.05rem, 2vw, 1.28rem);
  font-variation-settings: 'wdth' 118;
  font-weight: 800; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: -.005em;
}
.section-head .section-note {
  font-family: var(--mono); font-size: .68rem; letter-spacing: .09em;
  text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--muted); margin: 0;
}
.section-head .section-more { margin-left: auto; }
.section-more {
  font-family: var(--mono); font-size: .68rem; letter-spacing: .09em;
  text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--ink-2); text-decoration: none;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); padding-bottom: 2px;
  transition: border-color .18s var(--ease), color .18s var(--ease);
}
.section-more:hover { color: var(--ink); border-color: var(--ink); }

/* ---------------------------------------------------------- top block --- */

.top-block {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.62fr) minmax(280px, .92fr);
  gap: clamp(1.4rem, 3vw, 2.6rem);
  align-items: start;
}
@media (max-width: 980px) { .top-block { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } }

/* lead story */

.lead {
  background: var(--surface);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  overflow: hidden;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-s);
  transition: box-shadow .3s var(--ease);
}
.lead:hover { box-shadow: var(--shadow-m); }

.lead-media {
  display: block; position: relative;
  aspect-ratio: 16 / 8.4;
  background: var(--surface-2);
  overflow: hidden;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line-soft);
}
.lead-media img, .lead-media .plate { width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: cover; display: block; }
.lead-media .plate { transition: transform 1.2s var(--ease); }
.lead:hover .lead-media .plate { transform: scale(1.03); }

.lead-text { padding: clamp(1.3rem, 3vw, 2.1rem); }

.lead-eyebrow { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 1rem; flex-wrap: wrap; margin-bottom: 1rem; }
.eyebrow-live {
  display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: .45rem;
  font-family: var(--mono); font-size: .655rem; font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: .13em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--signal);
}
.eyebrow-live i {
  width: 6px; height: 6px; border-radius: 50%; background: var(--signal);
  animation: pulse 2.6s infinite;
}

.lead-title {
  font-size: clamp(1.85rem, 4.4vw, 3.05rem);
  font-variation-settings: 'wdth' 108;
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: -.032em;
  line-height: .99;
}
.lead-title a { text-decoration: none; background-image: linear-gradient(var(--topic), var(--topic)); background-size: 0% 3px; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-position: 0 100%; transition: background-size .35s var(--ease); }
.lead-title a:hover { background-size: 100% 3px; }

.lead-standfirst {
  font-size: clamp(1.02rem, 1.7vw, 1.2rem);
  color: var(--ink-2);
  margin: 1rem 0 0;
  max-width: 60ch;
}

.lead-foot {
  display: flex; align-items: center; gap: .95rem;
  margin-top: 1.5rem; padding-top: 1.25rem;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line-soft);
}
.lead-foot-text { display: flex; flex-direction: column; line-height: 1.35; }
.lead-foot-text b {
  font-family: var(--display); font-weight: 700; font-size: .96rem;
  font-variation-settings: 'wdth' 105;
}
.lead-foot-text span { font-family: var(--mono); font-size: .68rem; color: var(--muted); letter-spacing: .04em; }

/* latest rail */

.rail {
  background: var(--surface);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  overflow: hidden;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-s);
}
.rail-head {
  display: flex; align-items: center; gap: .55rem;
  padding: .95rem 1.15rem;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: var(--surface-2);
}
.rail-head h2 {
  font-family: var(--mono); font-size: .7rem; font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: .13em; text-transform: uppercase;
}
.rail-head .live-dot { margin-right: .1rem; }
.rail-list { display: flex; flex-direction: column; }

.row-item {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: auto minmax(0, 1fr) auto;
  align-items: center;
  gap: .9rem;
  padding: .85rem 1.15rem;
  text-decoration: none;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line-soft);
  position: relative;
  transition: background .18s var(--ease);
}
.row-item::before {
  content: ''; position: absolute; left: 0; top: 0; bottom: 0; width: 3px;
  background: var(--topic); transform: scaleY(0); transform-origin: center;
  transition: transform .22s var(--ease);
}
.row-item:hover { background: var(--surface-2); }
.row-item:hover::before { transform: scaleY(1); }
.row-item:last-child { border-bottom: 0; }

.row-time {
  font-family: var(--mono); font-size: .68rem; font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--muted); font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
}
.row-body { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: .18rem; min-width: 0; }
.row-topic {
  font-family: var(--mono); font-size: .58rem; letter-spacing: .11em;
  text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--topic); font-weight: 600;
}
.row-title {
  font-family: var(--display); font-weight: 600; font-size: .93rem;
  font-variation-settings: 'wdth' 102;
  line-height: 1.24; letter-spacing: -.012em;
  display: -webkit-box; -webkit-line-clamp: 2; -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
  overflow: hidden;
}
.row-min {
  font-family: var(--mono); font-size: .82rem; font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--ink-2); font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
}
.row-min i { font-style: normal; font-size: .68em; opacity: .6; }

.rail-foot { padding: .9rem 1.15rem; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); background: var(--surface-2); }

/* -------------------------------------------------------------- cards --- */

.grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(272px, 1fr));
  gap: clamp(1.1rem, 2.4vw, 1.9rem);
}

.card {
  background: var(--surface);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  overflow: hidden;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-s);
  transition: transform .28s var(--ease), box-shadow .28s var(--ease), border-color .28s var(--ease);
}
.card:hover { transform: translateY(-3px); box-shadow: var(--shadow-m); border-color: color-mix(in srgb, var(--topic) 40%, var(--line)); }

.card-link { display: flex; flex-direction: column; height: 100%; text-decoration: none; }

.card-media {
  position: relative;
  aspect-ratio: 16 / 9.6;
  background: var(--surface-2);
  overflow: hidden;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line-soft);
}
.card-media img, .card-media .plate { width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: cover; display: block; }
.card-media .plate { transition: transform 1s var(--ease); }
.card:hover .card-media .plate { transform: scale(1.04); }

.card-dial {
  position: absolute; right: .7rem; bottom: .7rem;
  display: grid; place-items: center;
  background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--surface) 86%, transparent);
  backdrop-filter: blur(6px);
  border-radius: 50%;
  padding: 3px;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-s);
}

.card-text { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: .55rem; padding: 1.05rem 1.15rem 1.2rem; flex: 1; }

.card-title {
  font-size: 1.16rem;
  font-variation-settings: 'wdth' 106;
  font-weight: 700; line-height: 1.16; letter-spacing: -.022em;
}
.card:hover .card-title { color: var(--topic); }
.card-title, .card:hover .card-title { transition: color .2s var(--ease); }

.card-excerpt { margin: 0; font-size: .93rem; color: var(--ink-2); line-height: 1.5; }

.card-meta {
  display: flex; gap: .7rem; margin: auto 0 0; padding-top: .7rem;
  font-family: var(--mono); font-size: .655rem; letter-spacing: .07em;
  color: var(--muted); text-transform: uppercase;
}
.card-meta span + span::before { content: '·'; margin-right: .7rem; }

/* compact card */
.card--compact .card-link { flex-direction: row; align-items: stretch; }
.card--compact .card-media--sm { width: 116px; flex: none; aspect-ratio: auto; border-bottom: 0; border-right: 1px solid var(--line-soft); }
.card--compact .card-text { padding: .85rem 1rem; gap: .4rem; }
.card--compact .card-title { font-size: .99rem; }

/* ------------------------------------------------------- field tiles --- */

.fields {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(232px, 1fr));
  gap: .9rem;
}
.field {
  position: relative;
  display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: .38rem;
  padding: 1.15rem 1.15rem 1.25rem;
  background: var(--surface);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  text-decoration: none;
  overflow: hidden;
  transition: transform .24s var(--ease), border-color .24s var(--ease), box-shadow .24s var(--ease);
}
.field::before {
  content: ''; position: absolute; left: 0; top: 0; bottom: 0; width: 4px;
  background: var(--topic);
  transform: scaleY(.34); transform-origin: top;
  transition: transform .3s var(--ease);
}
.field:hover { transform: translateY(-2px); border-color: color-mix(in srgb, var(--topic) 45%, var(--line)); box-shadow: var(--shadow-m); }
.field:hover::before { transform: scaleY(1); }

.field-name {
  font-family: var(--display); font-weight: 700; font-size: 1.04rem;
  font-variation-settings: 'wdth' 110;
  letter-spacing: -.018em;
}
.field-blurb { font-size: .87rem; color: var(--ink-2); line-height: 1.42; margin: 0; }
.field-count {
  font-family: var(--mono); font-size: .63rem; letter-spacing: .11em;
  text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--topic); font-weight: 600; margin-top: .3rem;
}

/* ------------------------------------------------------------- pager --- */

.pager {
  display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; gap: 1.2rem;
  margin-top: clamp(2rem, 4vw, 3rem);
  font-family: var(--mono); font-size: .72rem; letter-spacing: .07em; text-transform: uppercase;
}
.pager-btn {
  padding: .62rem 1.05rem; border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: 100px;
  background: var(--surface); text-decoration: none; color: var(--ink);
  transition: border-color .18s var(--ease), transform .18s var(--ease);
}
.pager-btn:hover { border-color: var(--ink); transform: translateY(-1px); }
.pager-btn.is-off { opacity: .34; pointer-events: none; }
.pager-count { color: var(--muted); }

/* ---------------------------------------------------------- article --- */

.article-head { padding-top: clamp(1.4rem, 3vw, 2.4rem); }
.article-shell { max-width: 760px; margin-inline: auto; }

.crumbs {
  display: flex; align-items: center; gap: .5rem; flex-wrap: wrap;
  font-family: var(--mono); font-size: .655rem; letter-spacing: .1em;
  text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--muted); margin-bottom: 1.3rem;
}
.crumbs a { text-decoration: none; }
.crumbs a:hover { color: var(--ink); }
.crumbs span { opacity: .5; }

.article-title {
  font-size: clamp(2rem, 5.2vw, 3.5rem);
  font-variation-settings: 'wdth' 106;
  font-weight: 800; letter-spacing: -.034em; line-height: .98;
  margin-top: .85rem;
}
.article-standfirst {
  font-size: clamp(1.08rem, 2vw, 1.32rem);
  color: var(--ink-2); line-height: 1.5;
  margin: 1.1rem 0 0; max-width: 62ch;
}

.byline {
  display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 1rem; flex-wrap: wrap;
  margin-top: 1.7rem; padding-block: 1.1rem;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}
.byline-who { display: flex; flex-direction: column; line-height: 1.4; }
.byline-who b { font-family: var(--display); font-weight: 700; font-size: .95rem; }
.byline-who span { font-family: var(--mono); font-size: .67rem; color: var(--muted); letter-spacing: .05em; }
.byline-actions { margin-left: auto; display: flex; align-items: center; gap: .5rem; }

.share-btn {
  display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: .42rem;
  font-family: var(--mono); font-size: .66rem; letter-spacing: .09em; text-transform: uppercase;
  padding: .55rem .85rem; border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: 100px;
  background: var(--surface); color: var(--ink-2); cursor: pointer; text-decoration: none;
  transition: border-color .18s var(--ease), color .18s var(--ease);
}
.share-btn:hover { border-color: var(--ink); color: var(--ink); }
.share-btn svg { width: 13px; height: 13px; }

.article-figure { margin: clamp(1.6rem, 3vw, 2.4rem) 0 0; }
.article-figure img {
  width: 100%; border-radius: var(--radius); border: 1px solid var(--line);
  aspect-ratio: 16 / 8.6; object-fit: cover;
}
/* Generated art stands in for a photograph, so it earns less height. */
.article-figure .plate {
  width: 100%; border-radius: var(--radius); border: 1px solid var(--line);
  aspect-ratio: 16 / 4.4; object-fit: cover;
}
.article-figure figcaption {
  font-family: var(--mono); font-size: .66rem; color: var(--muted);
  margin-top: .65rem; letter-spacing: .04em;
}

/* body copy */

.prose {
  font-size: 1.135rem;
  line-height: 1.72;
  margin-top: clamp(1.6rem, 3vw, 2.3rem);
}
.prose > p { margin: 0 0 1.25rem; }
.prose > p:first-of-type::first-letter {
  float: left;
  font-family: var(--display);
  font-variation-settings: 'wdth' 118;
  font-weight: 800;
  font-size: 3.5em;
  line-height: .82;
  margin: .06em .1em 0 0;
  color: var(--topic);
}
.prose h2, .prose h3, .prose h4 {
  margin: 2.3rem 0 .85rem;
  font-variation-settings: 'wdth' 110;
}
.prose h2 { font-size: 1.62rem; letter-spacing: -.024em; }
.prose h3 { font-size: 1.28rem; letter-spacing: -.018em; }
.prose h4 { font-size: 1.08rem; }
.prose a { color: var(--ink); text-decoration-color: var(--topic); text-decoration-thickness: 2px; text-underline-offset: 3px; }
.prose a:hover { color: var(--topic); }
.prose ul, .prose ol { margin: 0 0 1.35rem; padding-left: 1.3rem; }
.prose li { margin-bottom: .5rem; }
.prose li::marker { color: var(--topic); }
.prose blockquote {
  margin: 1.9rem 0; padding: .3rem 0 .3rem 1.4rem;
  border-left: 3px solid var(--topic);
  font-size: 1.22rem; line-height: 1.5; color: var(--ink);
}
.prose blockquote p { margin: 0 0 .6rem; }
.prose blockquote p:last-child { margin-bottom: 0; }
.prose .md-figure { margin: 1.9rem 0; }
.prose .md-figure img { width: 100%; border-radius: var(--radius-sm); border: 1px solid var(--line); }
.prose .md-figure figcaption { font-family: var(--mono); font-size: .66rem; color: var(--muted); margin-top: .6rem; }
.prose .md-rule { border: 0; height: 1px; background: var(--line); margin: 2.4rem 0; }
.prose .md-code {
  background: var(--surface-2); border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm); padding: 1rem 1.15rem; overflow-x: auto;
  font-family: var(--mono); font-size: .85rem; line-height: 1.55; margin: 1.6rem 0;
}
.prose code {
  font-family: var(--mono); font-size: .87em;
  background: var(--surface-2); border: 1px solid var(--line-soft);
  padding: .1em .38em; border-radius: 5px;
}
.prose .md-code code { background: none; border: 0; padding: 0; }
.prose .md-embed { position: relative; aspect-ratio: 16/9; margin: 1.9rem 0; }
.prose .md-embed iframe { position: absolute; inset: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; border: 0; border-radius: var(--radius-sm); }

.source-box {
  display: flex; align-items: center; gap: .8rem; flex-wrap: wrap;
  margin-top: 2.4rem; padding: 1rem 1.15rem;
  background: var(--surface); border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-left: 3px solid var(--topic);
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  font-family: var(--mono); font-size: .72rem; letter-spacing: .04em;
}
.source-box b { color: var(--muted); font-weight: 500; text-transform: uppercase; font-size: .66rem; letter-spacing: .11em; }
.source-box a { color: var(--ink); }

.tag-row { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: .45rem; margin-top: 1.6rem; }
.tag {
  font-family: var(--mono); font-size: .66rem; letter-spacing: .06em;
  padding: .38rem .7rem; border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: 100px;
  color: var(--ink-2); text-decoration: none;
  transition: border-color .18s var(--ease), color .18s var(--ease);
}
.tag:hover { border-color: var(--topic); color: var(--topic); }

/* reading progress ring — the dial, at full page scale */
.progress-dial {
  position: fixed; right: clamp(1rem, 3vw, 2rem); bottom: clamp(1rem, 3vw, 2rem);
  z-index: 50;
  width: 54px; height: 54px;
  display: grid; place-items: center;
  background: var(--surface);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 50%;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-m);
  opacity: 0; transform: translateY(10px) scale(.9);
  transition: opacity .3s var(--ease), transform .3s var(--ease);
  cursor: pointer;
  color: var(--ink-2);
  padding: 0;
}
.progress-dial.is-on { opacity: 1; transform: none; }
.progress-dial svg { width: 46px; height: 46px; transform: rotate(-90deg); }
.progress-dial circle { fill: none; stroke-width: 2.6; stroke-linecap: round; }
.progress-dial .track { stroke: currentColor; opacity: .18; }
.progress-dial .fill { stroke: var(--topic); transition: stroke-dashoffset .12s linear; }
.progress-dial b {
  position: absolute; font-family: var(--mono); font-size: .62rem; font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--ink); font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
}
@media (max-width: 620px) { .progress-dial { width: 46px; height: 46px; } .progress-dial svg { width: 40px; height: 40px; } }

/* ------------------------------------------------------------ signup --- */

.signup {
  margin-top: clamp(3rem, 7vw, 5rem);
  background: var(--ink);
  color: #F2F5F9;
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  overflow: hidden;
}
[data-theme="dark"] .signup { background: var(--surface); border: 1px solid var(--line); }
@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) { [data-theme="auto"] .signup { background: var(--surface); border: 1px solid var(--line); } }

.signup-inner {
  display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) minmax(280px, 420px);
  gap: clamp(1.2rem, 3vw, 2.5rem); align-items: center;
  padding-block: clamp(1.8rem, 4vw, 2.8rem);
}
@media (max-width: 860px) { .signup-inner { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } }

.signup-text h2 {
  font-size: clamp(1.35rem, 3vw, 1.95rem);
  font-variation-settings: 'wdth' 112; letter-spacing: -.028em; color: #fff;
}
[data-theme="dark"] .signup-text h2 { color: var(--ink); }
@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) { [data-theme="auto"] .signup-text h2 { color: var(--ink); } }
.signup-text p { margin: .6rem 0 0; opacity: .74; font-size: .98rem; }

.signup-form { display: flex; gap: .5rem; }
.signup-form input[type="email"] {
  flex: 1; min-width: 0;
  font-family: var(--mono); font-size: .82rem;
  padding: .82rem 1rem;
  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.22);
  background: rgba(255,255,255,.07);
  color: #fff; border-radius: 100px;
}
.signup-form input[type="email"]::placeholder { color: rgba(255,255,255,.45); }
[data-theme="dark"] .signup-form input[type="email"] { border-color: var(--line); background: var(--surface-2); color: var(--ink); }
@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) { [data-theme="auto"] .signup-form input[type="email"] { border-color: var(--line); background: var(--surface-2); color: var(--ink); } }

.signup-form button {
  font-family: var(--mono); font-size: .72rem; font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: .09em; text-transform: uppercase;
  padding: .82rem 1.35rem; border: 0; border-radius: 100px;
  background: var(--signal); color: #fff; cursor: pointer; white-space: nowrap;
  transition: transform .18s var(--ease), filter .18s var(--ease);
}
.signup-form button:hover { transform: translateY(-1px); filter: brightness(1.08); }
.signup-note { grid-column: 1 / -1; margin: .3rem 0 0; font-family: var(--mono); font-size: .72rem; }
.signup-note.is-ok { color: #6EE7A8; }
.signup-note.is-bad { color: #FF9B8A; }

/* ------------------------------------------------------------ footer --- */

.footer { border-top: 1px solid var(--line); margin-top: clamp(3rem, 7vw, 5rem); background: var(--panel-deep); }
.footer-grid {
  display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.7fr) repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: clamp(1.5rem, 4vw, 3rem);
  padding-block: clamp(2.2rem, 5vw, 3.4rem);
}
@media (max-width: 780px) { .footer-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; } .footer-brand { grid-column: 1 / -1; } }

.footer-brand b {
  font-family: var(--display); font-variation-settings: 'wdth' 118;
  font-weight: 800; font-size: 1.02rem; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: -.02em;
}
.footer-brand p { margin: .7rem 0 0; color: var(--ink-2); font-size: .93rem; max-width: 42ch; }
.footer-social { display: flex; gap: 1rem; list-style: none; padding: 0; margin: 1.1rem 0 0; }
.footer-social a { font-family: var(--mono); font-size: .7rem; letter-spacing: .08em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--ink-2); text-decoration: none; }
.footer-social a:hover { color: var(--ink); }

.footer-col h4 {
  font-family: var(--mono); font-size: .66rem; font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: .13em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--muted); margin-bottom: .9rem;
}
.footer-col ul { list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: .5rem; }
.footer-col a { font-size: .93rem; color: var(--ink-2); text-decoration: none; }
.footer-col a:hover { color: var(--ink); }

.footer-base {
  display: flex; gap: 1rem; flex-wrap: wrap; align-items: center;
  padding-block: 1.2rem; border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  font-family: var(--mono); font-size: .66rem; letter-spacing: .07em;
  text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--muted);
}
.footer-note { margin-left: auto; text-transform: none; letter-spacing: .02em; opacity: .8; }

/* ------------------------------------------------------------- misc --- */

.page-hero { padding-block: clamp(1.6rem, 4vw, 2.6rem) 0; }
.page-hero .eyebrow {
  font-family: var(--mono); font-size: .68rem; letter-spacing: .13em;
  text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--topic); font-weight: 600;
}
.page-hero h1 {
  font-size: clamp(2rem, 5vw, 3.2rem);
  font-variation-settings: 'wdth' 112;
  font-weight: 800; letter-spacing: -.032em; margin-top: .6rem;
}
.page-hero p { font-size: clamp(1rem, 1.8vw, 1.18rem); color: var(--ink-2); margin: .8rem 0 0; max-width: 60ch; }
.page-hero .hero-rule { height: 1.5px; background: var(--ink); margin-top: clamp(1.4rem, 3vw, 2rem); }

.empty {
  text-align: center; padding: clamp(2.5rem, 7vw, 5rem) 1rem;
  border: 1px dashed var(--line); border-radius: var(--radius);
  background: var(--surface);
}
.empty h2 { font-size: 1.4rem; font-variation-settings: 'wdth' 110; }
.empty p { color: var(--ink-2); margin: .7rem auto 1.4rem; max-width: 46ch; }

.btn {
  display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: .5rem;
  font-family: var(--mono); font-size: .72rem; font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: .09em; text-transform: uppercase;
  padding: .78rem 1.3rem; border-radius: 100px;
  background: var(--ink); color: var(--panel); text-decoration: none; border: 0; cursor: pointer;
  transition: transform .18s var(--ease), filter .18s var(--ease);
}
.btn:hover { transform: translateY(-1px); filter: brightness(1.1); }
.btn--ghost { background: var(--surface); color: var(--ink); border: 1px solid var(--line); }
.btn--ghost:hover { border-color: var(--ink); }

.prev-next {
  display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 1rem;
  margin-top: clamp(2.2rem, 5vw, 3.2rem);
}
@media (max-width: 640px) { .prev-next { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } }
.pn-item {
  display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: .4rem;
  padding: 1.1rem 1.2rem;
  background: var(--surface); border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm); text-decoration: none;
  transition: border-color .2s var(--ease), transform .2s var(--ease);
}
.pn-item:hover { border-color: var(--topic); transform: translateY(-2px); }
.pn-item span { font-family: var(--mono); font-size: .63rem; letter-spacing: .12em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--muted); }
.pn-item b { font-family: var(--display); font-weight: 700; font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.24; letter-spacing: -.018em; font-variation-settings: 'wdth' 104; }
.pn-item--next { text-align: right; align-items: flex-end; }

.search-hero { display: flex; gap: .6rem; margin-top: 1.6rem; max-width: 620px; }
.search-hero input {
  flex: 1; font-family: var(--mono); font-size: .92rem;
  padding: .95rem 1.2rem; border: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: var(--surface); color: var(--ink); border-radius: 100px;
}

.toast {
  position: fixed; left: 50%; bottom: 1.5rem; transform: translate(-50%, 20px);
  background: var(--ink); color: var(--panel);
  font-family: var(--mono); font-size: .72rem; letter-spacing: .07em;
  padding: .7rem 1.2rem; border-radius: 100px; z-index: 120;
  opacity: 0; pointer-events: none;
  transition: opacity .25s var(--ease), transform .25s var(--ease);
}
.toast.is-on { opacity: 1; transform: translate(-50%, 0); }

/* Reveal-on-scroll. Hidden only once JS has confirmed it can reveal them
   again, so the page is fully readable with JavaScript switched off. */
.js-reveal .reveal { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(14px); transition: opacity .55s var(--ease), transform .55s var(--ease); }
.js-reveal .reveal.is-in { opacity: 1; transform: none; }
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) { .js-reveal .reveal { opacity: 1; transform: none; } }


/* ---- Adverts --------------------------------------------------------- */
/* Advertising is marked and given breathing room, so a reader always knows
   what is editorial and what is not. */
.ad {
  display: block;
  margin: 2.4rem auto;
  padding: .9rem 0 0;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  text-align: center;
  min-height: 0;
}
.ad-label {
  display: block;
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: .625rem;
  letter-spacing: .12em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--muted);
  margin-bottom: .6rem;
}
.ad--in-article { max-width: 100%; }
.ad ins { display: block; }
/* An unfilled slot should collapse rather than leave a hole in the story. */
.ad ins[data-ad-status="unfilled"] { display: none !important; }
.ad:has(ins[data-ad-status="unfilled"]) { border: 0; margin: 0; padding: 0; }


/* A 404 must never be mistaken for the homepage. */
.empty-code {
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: .72rem;
  letter-spacing: .14em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--signal);
  margin-bottom: .6rem;
}
.empty-path { color: var(--muted); font-size: .94rem; margin: -.2rem 0 .8rem; }
.empty-path code { background: var(--panel); padding: .15rem .45rem; border-radius: 5px; }